8 Tips for How (and When) to Ask for a Raise

8 Tips for How (and When) to Ask for a Raise SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Is it accurate to say that you are wanting to expand your pay yet aren't sure how to request a raise? Are you likewise thinking about the amount to request a raise or when to request a raise?Asking for a raise can be nerve-wracking, particularly on the off chance that you aren’t sure how to go about it, however we have all the appropriate responses you're searching for. In this guide, we disclose all that you have to think about requesting a raise, including the means you have to have done already, the best occasions to request a raise, the amount you ought to request, and eight hints to remember when you inquire. Things to Keep in Mind Before Asking for a Raise Before you even recommend having a discussion with your manager about your compensation, there’s work you have to do. Don’t request a raise until you do the accompanying four things. Inquire as to whether You’ve Truly Earned a Raise Everybody needs to get more cash-flow, yet have you truly put in enough work for your supervisor to legitimize expanding your compensation, particularly if you’re requesting something other than a typical cost for basic items increase?If you haven’t been growing your duties and going well beyond what you’re requested to do, persuading your manager to give you a raise will be an a lot harder sell. Do Your Research Before you request a raise, you have to know how your compensation analyzes to the pay rates of comparable employments in your general vicinity. This will assist you with thinking of a legitimate add up to request as a raise, and in the event that you can show your compensation is underneath the market normal. We talk about this more in the â€Å"How Much of a Raise Should You Ask For† segment. Have a â€Å"Brag List† Ready So as to get a raise, you’ll need to show that you are so important to the organization so they concur that you’re worth paying more cash. The most ideal approach to do this is to have a â€Å"brag sheet† that features your achievements. These ought to be as explicit as could be expected under the circumstances and preferably incorporate quantifiable numbers. Saying, â€Å"I welcomed on five new customers and expanded month to month deals by 15%† is substantially more powerful than saying, â€Å"I was an extraordinary employee,† or something comparably obscure. Recollect That Asking for a Raise Isn’t Rude or Unusual Numerous representatives stress that requesting a raise will make them look voracious or discourteous, yet this isn’t the case. Requesting a raise is a typical piece of having an occupation, and most bosses anticipate that you should request a raise every so often. When to Ask for a Raise Timing is everything, and it tends to be the integral factor in whether you get a raise or not. There are sure occasions when you’re bound to get a raise, three of which we talk about beneath. During an Annual Performance Review In the event that your organization does yearly execution surveys, these are an extraordinary, and regularly expected, chance to request a raise.Since you’ll be examining your achievements and objectives for the future, talking about an adjustment in pay fits directly into the discussion. Subsequent to Doing Excellent Work On the off chance that you’ve simply worked superbly on a venture or gone well beyond your run of the mill work obligations, consider requesting a raise.Your achievements will be in the front line of your supervisor’s mind, and you’ll have solid proof of the fact that you are so valuable to the organization. At the point when Your Supervisor Is in a Positive Frame of Mind Regardless of whether you’re the #1 representative at your office, you’ll hurt your odds of really getting a raise on the off chance that you ask when your supervisor is overpowered with work, had their very own task go inadequately, or is managing different issues that are diverting. Hold up until things are working out in a good way for both you and your administrator before proposing the chance of a raise. In all cases, you should hold up until it has been at any rate a half year to a year since you either got another job or got a raise. You ought to likewise you possibly talk about a potential raise when you’re meeting one-on-one with your administrator, during when you both possess energy for the discussion. This isn't a discussion you need to begin while passing each other in the lobby! What amount of a Raise Should You Ask For? Before you request a raise, you ought to consistently comprehend what sum you’re wanting to get, regardless of whether this is a 3% pay raise, an extra $2000 every year, etc.You don’t need to express this sum right when you request the raise, however you ought to anticipate that your administrator should ask what you’re planning to get. Having a solid sum you’d like your raise to be will cause you to appear to be progressively arranged and genuine, and it’ll make it simpler to begin dealings with your administrator. It likewise lessens the chance of your chief giving you a little raise since no sum was indicated. There’s no set sum you ought to request when you demand a raise. This is another territory where you’ll need to do your examination. Most yearly raises are somewhere in the range of 1% and 5% of your yearly compensation, with 3% being the normal at numerous companies.Ask around to make sense of what others in comparative positions are making. You can likewise look on destinations like Glassdoor and the Federal Bureau of Labor Statistics to discover what others in your field are making. Set your desires around those sums. Likewise, don’t start off by mentioning an incredibly enormous raise figuring you and your boss will at that point bring it down to something increasingly sensible. Doing that makes you look entitled. When asked what your ideal raise is, express the sum you’re content with, and be set up to back it up with research that shows you merit this sum (this can incorporate printing out details of the compensations of comparable specialists). 8 Tips on How to Ask for a Raise When you arrive at where you and your supervisor are prepared to have the discussion about your compensation, remember these eight hints while examining a raise. #1: Be Confident Requesting a raise can be scary, however attempt to limit your apprehension during the discussion. By being sure, you’ll show your supervisor that you’re genuine about this theme and truly trust you merit a raise. On the off chance that you aren’t sure you merit a raise, for what reason should your supervisor be? Numerous individuals find that rehearsing their discourse before a mirror or others a few times can cause the genuine discussion to go a lot of smoother. #2: Make It Clear You’re Asking for a Raise This isn’t an opportunity to be shy about what you’re requesting; doing so will simply make the discussion confounding and awkward.If you haven’t as of now explained to your administrator why you’re mentioning a gathering, you should start the discussion with something like, â€Å"I’ve took in a ton from [company name], and I feel I’ve additionally been a solid resource. Along these lines, I’d like to set up an arrangement to talk about my salary.† This expels any equivocalness from the discussion and makes it simpler for you and your director to discuss genuinely with one another. #3: Show That You’re Valuable This is an ideal opportunity to raise the themes you thought of in your boast sheet. You don’t need to list everything you’ve accomplished for the organization, yet by featuring a couple of significant achievements and making it understood they’re part of an example of amazing work, you’ll remind your manager how important you are. Make sure to make these achievements point by point and to incorporate numbers when you can to give solid proof of your value. Genuine models incorporate, â€Å"Revenue expanded $10,000 since I started working the project,† â€Å"Employee turnover has diminished significantly and worker fulfillment has expanded by 20% since I became administrator of this team.† On the off chance that you’ve discovered strong proof that your compensation is fundamentally beneath normal for your field, you can likewise bring this up now, however be mindful so as not to sound denouncing or bitter.Something like, â€Å"Here’s information I gathered indicating pay rates for individuals in comparative situations as mine. Due to my achievements, I trust I have the right to make at or over the normal pay for this position† clarifies what you need without being negative. #4: Talk About Your Long-Term Goals So as to show you’re genuine about your pledge to your activity and will keep on being an outstanding worker, ensure you examine achievements you would like to accomplish later on in your position or a future position. #5: Don’t Bring Up Personal Problems Regardless of whether you truly need the cash, this isn't an ideal opportunity to make reference to that getting a raise will truly assist you with recuperating from a terrible speculation, pay for your kid’s school, etc.Bringing up your own issues during this discussion isn’t expert will possibly cause your boss to feel increasingly awkward in the event that they have to decrease your solicitation. This is likewise not an opportunity to raise working environment complaints like the way that you feel you’re working a huge amount of hours or do twice as much work as another employee.Keep your conversation about getting a raise carefully proficient, and just raise work achievements as reasons why you merit a raise. #6: Give Your Boss Time to Consider the Request Ordinarily, regardless of whether your manager needs to give you a raise, they have to clear it with others first. On the off chance that your supervisor appears at any rate to some degree ready to consider giving you a raise, end your solicitation by telling them you aren’t expecting an answer right this moment, and ask when you can plan a follow-up conversation.This takes a portion of the weight off them to settle on a choice at the time. #7: Consider Other Rewards On the off chance that your manager can't or reluctant to give you a raise, there are different prizes you could request, including: A reward Expanded get-away days Increasingly adaptable working calendar Consider what other incenti

Merapi Eruption And Its Economic Impact Environmental Sciences Essay

Merapi Eruption And Its Economic Impact Environmental Sciences Essay As of late, Indonesia is confronted with numerous cataclysmic event, for example, tidal wave, seismic tremor, and volcanic ejection. These calamities are bound to happen in view of the geographical area of Indonesia which is situated at the edge of the Pacific, Eurasian and Australian structural plates. Just as of late, Indonesia has been made frenzy by Gunung Merapi, which is one of a lot more Indonesias dynamic stratovolcano mountain. This Gunung Merapi is situated between Central Java and Yogyakarta in Indonesia. Gunung Merapi is one of the most dynamic spring of gushing lava in Indonesia. It has likewise emitted consistently since the year 1548. To examine about the emission impact of Gunung Merapi uninhibitedly, this paper will be begun with the presentation and the definition about what is ejection and Gunung Merapi. The conversation of this paper will be then proceeded and rundown all the impacts, casualties, misfortune and harm to people life. This paper records the insights regarding the people in question, natural impacts, the perilous materials of this emission, harm and misfortune to numerous segments. The paper will at that point examine about what the administration activity to support the people in question and reestablishes the site that got the drawbacks of this ejection. The end some portion of this paper will be the end of the conversation with the rundown subtleties. Presentation Inside these previous barely any years prior, there are numerous cataclysmic events that occured in Indonesia and the most every now and again that happen is flood. The debacles that regularly occur in Indonesia are flood, quake, and volcanic emission, torrent which are bound to happen in light of Indonesias land area which is situated at the edge of the Pacific, Eurasian and Australian structural plates. Jakarta as the capital town of Indonesia is the spot that flood will well on the way to happen if there is an overwhelming precipitation with long enough span to fix a flood. The debacle than happen as of late is emission so this article will concentrate on volcanic ejection. 2010 ejections of mount merapi. (2010, December 8). An ejection can be an extremely perilous catastrophe for people life because of its large blast of the well of lava, fall of the stones and the cinders that can disturb people breath and eyes. Indonesia has numerous dynamic volcanic mountain like Gunung Merapi, Gunung Krakatau, Gunung Kelud, Gunung Semeru, Gunung Guntur and numerous others. One of these dynamic mountain which named Gunung Merapi, have done an incredible ejection as of late, which is begun at 26 October 2010. This ejection clearly made many negative consequences for people life and condition around that mountain. The instances of the antagonistic impacts are passing and individuals getting harmed, many house broken, individuals must go out and things and go to the more secure spot. They all vibe truly hopeless for their misfortune due to this volcanic emission. Merapis ejection additionally influences numerous things like how things going in Keraton Jogja which is the town that this Merapi found. There are such a large number of things that get influenced simply because of this Merapis ejection. This article will speak profound about the subtleties for all the consequences for its condition, the harm and misfortune in numerous divisions like social and framework, the effects of economy, development, GDP and GNP and joblessness impacts as a result of this ejection. 1.2 The Definition of Eruption Ejection is the marvel of the blasting out of magma to the outside of the earth. Ejection can be partitioned into two, for example, dangerous emission and non hazardous emission. The sorts of emission is rely upon numerous things; for models, the thickness of magma, the structure of gas inside the magma, the impact of ground water, and magma load. The thickness of magma and the sythesis of gas inside the magma are relying upon the creation of compound of magma. Ejection has own component. There are abundance discharged gasses, when the magma come its approach to surface, and the gas pressure make the spread of volcanic material. The procedure of gas discharged is here and there followed by an enormous sound of thunder that occasionally permit us to hear the thundering voice as a similar time the volcanic material emission happens. The procedure of gas pressure isn't need quite a while. The plug gaps in the hole by the gas pressure relies upon the pace of gas creation from the magma that make the expanding of the gas weight, and solidarity to withstand the weight of gas pit plug. The all the more impressive plugs hole, the more prominent the level of the solid ejection. A quick moving progression of magma that stream down to waterway, at that point spread in the plain at the slopes sight of the fountain of liquid magma region can cause into the harms on genuine financial and ecological. 2010 emissions of mount merapi. (2010, December 8). Gunung Merapi 2010 The gigantic blast of Merapi Mountain occurred on the primary date in the long stretch of November 2010. The primary blast happens around 10.03 AM that begun with a little tremor and tumbling down of materials. Not long after that the haze of warmth went along from the highest point of Merapi with a stature of 1.5km. In view of the observation from the Monitor room of Merapi Activity in BPPTK Office loated in Jalan Cendana, Jogjakarta, the haze of warmth set out toward the south passage, which is the Gendol River and Woro River with quickening of 4km. At 11.30AM, Merapi Mountain detonate once more, making haze of warmth with tallness of roughly 3.5km. This is the second most prominent blast for the Friday, November 5, 2010. This is reviewed from Balerante, the gathering of mists and balls vigorously contaminated vertically thundering to the sky with the approximated stature of 3.500meters. Because of the breeze blows from north and east making a beeline for the Cendawan Sea, and the haze of warmth is making a beeline for the southeast bearing of the delta of Gendol River, there are no further report from BNPTK about this blast. This data is legitimately directed outwardly on Friday ,November 5, 2010. Around 11.35AM portion of the slope and mountain is shrouded in thick and foreboding shadow. The Earthquake itself is exceptionally distinguished due to the seizmograph signal introduced at different reconnaissance central command. Residents in the southwest, southeast, south, and west are requested to be careful and arranged. As communicated, the enormous blast of Merapi before likewise occurred on Friday this evening. Because of the blast, 55 residents are asserted dead up until this very evening. The perilous zone are extended from the primary 15km up to 20km. Sorts of volcanic ejection. (2010, December 6) Survivors of ejection Gunung Merapi 2010 This 2010 emission is the most noticeably awful since 1870. Thirty-two towns has become the people in question and 70000 soul were being recommended to empty since they situated in the peril an area. Those towns comprise of 17 towns in District of Magelang, 4 towns in District of Klaten, 3 towns in District of Boyolali, and 8 towns in District of Sleman. This time Merapi is in basic condition, other than being set apart with the separation of warmth cloud touchy emission arrives at 11.5 kilometer at Bebeng River and at better place the separation of warmth cloud ejection arrives at 11 km at White River, 10 km at Boyong River and 9.5 km at Gendol River. This time the warmth cloud that out from the pinnacle of Merapi has arrived at the tallness of in excess of 10 km, the quantity of casualties is 73. Casualties spread in 2 areas, which are 69 casualties at the Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta and 4 casualties at Center Java. The harmed, consume and rankle casualties have contacted 100 people . This condition depends on November 5, 2010 note. Corresponding to Merapis condition that still in risky, the administration is looking for the spare spot for the displaced person. After the subsequent emission, 55 people are recorded dead as of not long ago. The inclined area is being extended from 15 km to 20 km. Sorts of volcanic emission. (2010, December 6). Ecological impacts As we realize that Yogyakarta is an acclaimed city perceived by numerous remote visitors, Merapi emission that happened has given a great deal of effect on the development of the travel industry in Yogyakarta. After the emission of Merapi that happened in Yogyakarta, the degree of trust diminished radically and it has influenced both remote and local travelers, particularly in the travel industry area. Despite the fact that the ejection of merapi has diminished, the impact of the emission was still heart pounding particularly for the retreats and food corner.â The lodging inhabitance rate from both remote and household sightseers is around 30-40 percent of it. Also, fortunately the rate has expanded somewhat after the beginning Adisucipto air terminal reopened.â After Adisucipto air terminal was revived, when the inhabitance rate was distinctly around 10-20 percent of it. The inhabitance rate and the normal decrease of vacationers as a result of post-ejection of Merapi as well as brought about by the news-media inclusion of security concerns the city of Yogyakarta. So as to reestablish the name of the city of Yogyakarta as a protected the travel industry like previously, the travel industry parties in collaboration with the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and related organizations will hold an assortment of arrangement of occasions. Bataviase.co.id. (2010, December 28). 2.12 Volcanic debris In the interim, the popular Borobudur sanctuary additionally shut because of the lamentable ejection, the region of 185 hectares were totally incapacitated because of volcanic debris that secured the sky. After the incredible ejection several trees were removed around the sanctuary and the frontage road prompting the sanctuary was blocked.â And far more detestable, the most impressive emission makes the sanctuary in basic condition and probably not going to be accessed. Thickness of volcanic debris arrived at 2-4 centimeters. The Jakarta post. ( 2010, December 28). 2.13 Greenhouse impacts in Yogyakarta The temperature in Yogyakarta is truly elevated and hot. Average daytime air heat more than 33 degrees Celsius. This is brought about by the debris which originate from the ejection wherein covers the encompassing territories. The volcanic debris cov

Praxis Writing Source Based Essay Samples

Praxis Writing Source Based Essay SamplesStudents must learn how to use Praxis writing source based essay samples. A student should start in the right place, he must learn that writing sources are important in his writing education.Students will not learn anything if they simply copy the source without giving it any thought as an educational material. Students have to be able to think like writers and understand how they write sources, which means that they should learn how to use them.The content of the writing sources should be first-rate. Students should get ready to read and think like writers and they should always choose the more knowledgeable sources. In fact, students must prepare themselves to read a lot of papers because this is a big help for them.It is very important for students to understand the process of writing sources. They have to learn that what makes a good writing source and what makes a bad one. A student must also realize that sources can be used by anyone reg ardless of their level of knowledge, which means that they can adapt the sources.The student has to be able to understand the function of sources as well as their place in writing education. Students should understand that there are different types of sources available and what is given to students is not limited to them.Writers learn their craft as they learn and understand what writing sources are. They need to understand that sources are a great source of information, so students should never try to make a source an idol and should always work with them.Students should remember that they can use a source just as much as any other student. The only difference is that students should be aware of sources. They should not rely on sources all the time, but they should understand that sources have their place in writing education.Writing sources should not be given any importance; it is a minor part of writing education, but it is an essential part of learning how to write sources. Stu dents should not overlook this and it is up to them to decide where they want to put these sources and what they want to do with them.

The Experience Of The Saudi Arabian Women Who Had Finished...

This chapter provides a description of the experience of the Saudi Arabian women who had finished breast cancer treatment. It gives short biographical details of each of the breast cancer survivors before describing their unique experiences. It is worth noting that writing the women’s stories in English was a challenging task to do as I had done the interview in Arabic and some words do not translate well into English. 5.1 Nourah Nourah is in her early forties, married, has 4 children, is a housewife and is excessively overweight, to the extent that her ability to move freely is inhibited. She was diagnosed with breast cancer stage II after initially being told by a general physician that a lump in her breast was likely to be a benign ‘cyst’, just like some other women in my study. Her family are very important to her; they were the first issue to cross her mind when she knew about the diagnosis. She thought about what would happen to her young twins if she dies. For her, having breast cancer was a shock especially at a younger age. Nourah lives in a rural area and that doubled the burdens, as she had to travel and leave her children to have the treatment; which also brought financial and transportation problems. Nourah was very warm and open talking about her experience with breast cancer but was guarded in answering my questions about the impact of the disease on her family. She expressed her discomfort with family and close friends asking about her maritalShow MoreRelatedThe Interview With A Interview Essay1382 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough, all the participants had not experienced being in an interview before, they agree to have the interviews recorded. For them, it was the first time spoke openly to a person outside of their family and friends’ cycle about their experience. Women showed their interest on my research and felt that their participation might be helpful in informing cancer health care services. My aim from the recorded interviews is to understand how women response and interact with my questions that enabledRead MoreDifferent Governmental Strategies For Cancer Survivorship Care Essay1989 Words   |  8 Pagesbeen developed to inform cancer survivorship practice, to meet breast cancer patients’ needs and enhance their survival and well-being. In the US, different organisations like the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), The American Cancer Society (ACS), and The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) have released publications and guidelines, and events related to cancer survivorship care. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, From Cancer Patient to Cancer Survivor: Lost in TransitionRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagescompanies in the United States and throughout the world? How can companies renew and sustain those factors in the face of the business slowdowns and major fluctuations that challenge the longterm continuation of profitable earnings? As we continue to experience the twenty-first century’s economic, social, and political churning, how will these driving factors be influenced by the brutally competitive global economy in which organizations do not have any particular geographic identity or travel under any

Ethnographic Research Essay - 1404 Words

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Essay on “a Rose for Emily” Literary Analysis - 743 Words

Cameron Barba Ms. Carunchio English 11B 12 February 2009 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† Literary Analysis In â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, William Faulkner uses setting, character development, and stylistic devices to express the mystery of Emily and the somewhat gossip-obsessed attitude the townspeople have towards Emily. Faulkner uses the setting to convey the mystery surrounding Emily and her actions. For example, Faulkner writes â€Å" knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed since she ceased giving china-painting lessons eight or ten years earlier.† This quote shows the mystery of her house and how nobody knows what is in it or what goes on inside of it. The townspeople are wondering what goes on behind Miss Emily’s closed doors. Also†¦show more content†¦The townspeople are very interested in everything about her it seems and this is just another topic they gossip about. 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Through his characterization of Miss Emily, his descriptions of the setting, and his use of foreshadowing, Faulkner effectively develops â€Å"A Rose for Emily† into a horrific tale. The first way that Faulkner organizes â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is in his characterizationRead MoreThe Mystery of the Rose and the Narrator in A Rose for Emily by Faulkner1182 Words   |  5 PagesWhile one of the most traditional interpretations of â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is the variety of meanings for the â€Å"rose† presented in the title and how the â€Å"rose† fits in with the story. Laura Getty states in her article many varied perspectives that many could ponder when identifying what the â€Å"rose† stands for. She states many possible theories that depict what the â€Å"rose† means, including theories of other writers that help support her own theory and also that adds another way that most might not consider

In Memory of Jane Fraser Essay Sample free essay sample

Poems are little Windowss that look into a person’s psyche and frequently convey deep emotions utilizing nonliteral linguistic communication. A poet can conceal their darkest ideas in a verse form and go forth it up to the reader to happen their true message. Sometimes. verse forms do non keep a message at all and are meant to be taken every bit literally as they sound when read aloud. While â€Å"In Memory of Jane Fraser. † written by Geoffrey Hill. is filled with nonliteral linguistic communication that creates a clear image for the reader. there is no secret in those words. It is merely a verse form that was written in recollection of a adult female and there is nil more to happen. The rubric of the verse form alludes to the fact that it is about person who has passed off and the major subject throughout the verse form is decease. We will write a custom essay sample on In Memory of Jane Fraser Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"In Memory of Jane Fraser† is set during the season of winter and winter is most frequently corresponded with decease. Most living things die during the long. barbarous months of winter and await their metempsychosis in the spring. Unfortunately. this destiny is non the same for human existences. There is an abundant sum of nonliteral linguistic communication used throughout this verse form. to the point where it about spills off the page. The first line. â€Å"when snow like sheep ballad in the crease. † uses a simile to compare snow to the soft. warm wool of a sheep. It besides creates the image of fresh. powdery snow lying on the land. The following three lines of the first stanza stick to utilizing personification to give the semblance of air currents imploring at the doors. hills being bluish with cold. and a cold shroud puting on a Moor. Geoffrey Hill gives the conditions conditions a personality of their own—one that is acrimonious about the winter that lies in front. A image of a unsmooth winter is created. one with rough air currents that rattle the houses and stop dead the hills. The 2nd stanza of the verse form compares the adult female to a bird utilizing a simile in the line. â€Å"we watched her incubation over decease like a strong bird above its quarry. † This line is of import because it shows that this adult female. who is so close to decease. was non afraid of it. She was ready to encompass it. to drop her dentitions into and accept it for what it was. The last line of the 2nd stanza besides uses personification to give a boiler the human quality of take a breathing. One could conceive of in their head a adult female who is fixing herself for decease with eyes set frontward and a caput held high. regard steady. as if suggesting an invitation of kinds. The 3rd stanza includes some nonliteral linguistic communication but more so it creates a powerful image. The first line. â€Å"damp curtains glued against the window glass sealed clip off. † is non so much about the drapes or the window but the fact that. in that minute. everything traveling on exterior was non of import and therefore it was sealed off. hidden and kept out of head. The adult female died and as her organic structure became still. the Acts of the Apostless of nature that were taking topographic point outside besides became still. as if to pay its ain respects to her. The 4th and concluding stanza of this poem brings the morning of new life that comes with spring. something that this adult female was non able to see before her decease. The passing of winter into spring brings the metempsychosis of the universe outside that lay hibernating under snow over the class of those long winter months. Although the adult female was no longer about. her spirit was born onc e more when the Earth stirred and awoke from its long slumber. It could be seen in the thaw ice that covered the rivers and the sun’s contemplation in those Waterss. It could be seen in the trees. agitating off the snow and dead pine cones. There doesn’t seem to be any sound devices present and the agreement of the words and lines do non look to be really much of import. but a rhyme strategy is present. Each stanza follows its ain form: ABAB. CDCD. etc. This form gives the verse form an easy traveling tone. one that relaxes the reader about the subject of decease. As if to state. although we will all necessarily dice. our metempsychosis back into nature follows shortly after. This verse form is another illustration of why the idea of decease does non necessitate to be a scaring one. It is merely another phase of life that we all must go through through and although this passing might be unpleasant. the result on the other side is non something to be afraid of. Worlds can larn to put aside their frights and face decease caput on with the illustration that is set in this verse form. I. myself. have neer feared decease but anticipated the man y inquiries it will reply.

Wrath of war an Example of the Topic Literature Essays by

Wrath of war The main component that comes out clearly, is the openness with which the authors foresaw their fate. They expected the occurrence with courage made know that they had gone to war with a vision in mind. They had something they wanted to achieve. That is: - victory, liberation and a peaceful world. For example Lester in his letter to the parents showed what he thought would be his fate when he said. Need essay sample on "Wrath of war" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed The letters also showed the different expectations that the authors had towards the war. Some had resolved to die for their country while others hope of going back safe and hence live for it. Generally, the letters bring out an illusion of what the war was, the lives of those involved, their suffering, expectations, excitement, perseverance, conditions, injuries, death and their dedication. Among the facts that have come out in this chapter is love. The love the authors had for their people made some go for the war. This includes the love they had for their wives, spouses or children all in an effort to make them happier and proud. The other fact is suffering and endurance.The war led to the death of many men and the conditions that the soldiers endured were pathetic. They lived for long periods in rat infested houses, mud-soaked and stinking of human waste and rotting corpses. They were in constant fear and anxiety of what the next minute entailed. Lastly, the fact that remains so obvious in this chapter is the dedication with which the soldiers faced the war. Despite the hardships that came their way they remained dedicated to serve despite the fear of death, lack of assurance to live. Work cited Madureira, J. (2008). Docksides: Wrath of War. UK, Matthew Walker Publishers.

Global Supply Management

Global Supply Management As businesses becomes before and more aligned to a completely global mode of operations, many organisations representing a number of disparate industries, including manufacturing, service, public service, social enterprises, NGOs, pharmaceuticals, food service and construction firms now run their businesses using a network of global suppliers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Supply Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Operating a global supply chain has become a highly efficient means by which a company can boost profitability through streamlining production, reducing labour costs, minimizing the expense of equipment, cutting down on transportation and delivery costs and decreasing transit duration between suppliers, firms and customers (Bloom Kotler 1975; Cook 2011; Edgell, Meister Stamp 2008; Fisher 2011; Lloyd 1996; Porter 1985; Saxena 2010; Stauffer 2003). For the purposes of this paper, a supply chain refers to a group of three or more units, organisations or persons directly concerned with providing, manufacturing or producing the upstream and downstream current of services, information, parts, products or funds from a resource to a client (Cook 2008; Edwards 2006; Kelley Nagel 2007; Porter 1985). The following paper will critically evaluate the strategic rationale for why organisations might choose to use global suppliers from these so-called high risk regions, particularly when there might be less risk in using local supply chains, as well as the impacts that natural phenomenon and political unrest might have upon these types of global logistics and supply chain management strategies. The paper will also offer some strategies as to how to mitigate the impact of instability in the global supply chain. Strategic Rationale Part A of this paper discusses the strategic rationale as to why an organisation might choose to use a global supplier from a high risk region when less risk might be incurred using a supplier closer to home. Logic would dictate that if the home region of a global supplier is undergoing political turmoil through a transition in government leadership, terrorist activity, or if it was recently hit with a major natural disaster such as an earthquake or tsunami, the firm may be best served to move and transfer its interests from a regional supplier to a supplier in a safer part of the world, one in which the government appears stable, no major protests are underway, and where the climate is not prone to hurricanes and the like.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Typically, the first and most logical strategic response to this question is based in cost. Specifically, how much does it cost to move, versus how much does it cost to stay? The answer to this question will also depend on where the company is in terms of setting up its global supply chain, whether at the beginning of the process or well into it, what the function of the particular unit of the global supply chain in the overall upstream and downstream flow of the business is, the level of diversification that already exists within the global supply chain, and how long the company has based its operations in that particular region (Burke Cooper 2008; Cross 2007; Griffin 2008; Giermanski McGhee 2007; Glisson, Milton Jones 2009). Now that recent world events have illuminated the â€Å"inverse relationship between risk and efficiency [and] cast [it] in high relief, supply chain managers realize that they can no longer focus solely on cost reduction- any calculation of a supply chains return on investment must also take customer satisfaction into account† (Stauffer 2003, par. 4). However, cost remains the main driver of business decisions, and where global supply chains are concerned, if a company has already invested millions in a reg ional supply chain, cost becomes the number one factor. A company that has set up a global supplier in a region that was initially stable for many years and has become fractious over time must weigh the cost of moving its operations to a safe zone, and this weighing of costs must be applied to both short term and long term business goals. Similarly, a company that that has set up a global supplier in a region that was recently hit by a natural disaster must weigh the costs of moving its operations as opposed to staying in the affected region and repairing the damaged infrastructure. In global supply chains, it is the â€Å"integration of business processes, not individual functions, that creates value for customers and these processes reach beyond the boundaries of the firm† (Altay Ramirez 2010, p. 59).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Supply Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this regard, even if the individual function – in this case, the unit of the global supply chain that has been threatened by terrorists or has been hit by a natural disaster – is temporarily out of commission or under threat, the company may decide that the unit fits too well into its overall integrated business model to change. A number of the most successful firms in the world have been operating global supply chains for many years and as such have built up strong networks, strong relationships and strong financial incentives in the global regions where they operate elements of their supply chains. As the leadership of any company can attest, networks, relationships and mutually enhancing financial incentives take years and years to build, and the idea of starting all over in a new region where the company will be one of many competitors bidding on the same parcel of land or negotiating with little or no personal leverage is simply too expensive a proposition to risk for many com panies. Also, strategically speaking, natural disasters tend to be short term problems. While they do cause massive amounts of damage, they do not happen annually; thus, a company may decide that in the long term expenditure, it will be cheaper and more prudent to repair the damaged infrastructure and remain in the region rather than incur the enormous cost of moving operations and setting up operations in a new location. Finally, labour costs continue to factor significantly into the strategic rationale applied when managing a global supply chain. Political unrest may be a small price to pay when faced with a jump in labour costs that will number into the millions for a globally integrated firm. Other strategic factors that may prompt firms to remain in politically unstable regions or regions prone to natural disasters include the degree of skill manifested in the labour force, tax incentives, beneficial rates of currency exchange and the efficiency of transport infrastructure such as ports (Bloom Kotler 1975; Cook 2011; Edgell, Meister Stamp 2008; Fisher 2011; Lloyd 1996).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Risk management is the second element of the strategic rationale, and again, this equates to long term and short term business goals. As Stauffer (2003, par. 7) notes, risk can be seen as the sum of â€Å"frequency times consequencea high-frequency/low-consequence event, such as the regular fluctuation of currency exchange rates [is] similar to a low-frequency/high-consequence event, such as the sinking of a cargo ship laden with critical parts†. However, risk management varies widely from firm to firm, and also varies widely according to industry. An example is the recent earthquake in Japan. As the well-established â€Å"epicenter of high-tech manufacturing,† when the earthquake hit it affected the high tech industry to a much greater degree than other industries, because the vast majority of the major high tech firms use suppliers in Japan as part of their global supply chain (Fisher 2011, par. 2). In addition, depending upon the particular firms tolerance for risk, such â€Å"apparently similar risks can have vastly different qualitative effects† (Stauffer 2003, par. 7). Risk tolerance and risk management will also depend largely on corporate culture, the liquidity of the company, its insurance strategies and capabilities and the type of industry. Most importantly, risk management can be best served by a highly diversified global supply chain (Jà ¼ttner Maklan 2011). One of the ways that companies incur greater risk is through amassing a large portion of its suppliers for one particular part or service in one region (Belzer Swan 2011; Jà ¼ttner Maklan 2011). The ensuing clustering effect of global suppliers all located in one geographic region â€Å"can have serious consequences in the event of a natural disaster or political unrest† (Stauffer 2003, par. 7). Firms that operate global supply chains are well advised to diversify as much as possible. For example, rather than have one part sourced from one region, the firm can have it sourced from two or three regions in different parts of the world. Cost savings can be tweaked via reduced labour costs, tax incentives and currency rates, and the main benefit to global firms is that the â€Å"supply chain can insulate [the company] against shortages and other unpredictable problems† such as natural disasters or terrorism (Fisher 2011. par. 3). Finally, the third element of the strategic rationale is a question of trade-offs. Trade-offs transcend the basic reduce cost at all cost model of global supply chain management. For example, if the trade-off to operating in a region where the labour costs are the lowest in the world means that the company undergoes regular bombings from terrorist groups, the savings in labour costs may be eaten up by the expense of continually repairing or upgrading infrastructure, hiring additional security or implementing costly and complex firewalls and network security protocols. Trade off thinking goes along way toward a dopting a strategic global supply chain policy that allows for flexibility, agility and the constant streamlining of processes while keeping costs reasonable and continuing to increase profitability. Impacts of Natural Phenomena and Political Unrest Part B of this paper discusses some of the impacts that natural phenomena such as tornadoes and tsunamis as well as political unrest might have upon these types of global logistics and supply chain management strategies. The aforementioned definition of global supply chain points to a key component of the successful global supply chain, namely, the â€Å"direct link between the companies in a supply chain† (Altay Ramirez 2010, p. 59). Numerous supply chain management studies indicate that one of the pivotal indicators of success in a global supply chain rests on the realization that a global supply chain represents an assembly of interdependent parties; therefore, coordination and management of the global supply chain must always be a strategic response to the problems that emanate from the inter-reliant units within the chain, and the chain must always be viewed from a holistic perspective (Altay Ramirez 2010; Bakshi Kleindorfer 2009; Claessens Schmukler 2007; Perry 2007; Sarathy 2006). As a cohesive, integrated business unit, direct threats to the supply chain will be felt all the way through it. Thus, it is incumbent upon those responsible for global supply chain management to understand their charges as interconnected entities rather than isolated processes, as this attitude will likely build resiliency within the supply chain and bolster its ability to weather threats from both natural and human disasters (Fisher 2011; Jà ¼ttner Maklan 2011; Sheffi 2001; Stauffer 2003; Suder 2006; Wechsler 2011). The locations of these global suppliers are sometimes found in regions of the world that historically can be prone to the impact of natural phenomenon such as earthquakes, hurricanes or typhoons, flooding , tsunamis, and most recently, political unrest through the removal of traditional government regimes in certain countries as well as ongoing terrorist activities and threats, both real and perceived. Natural phenomena such as wildfires, earthquakes and floods can produce major disturbances in global supply chains, as they impede business operations and reduce the producing capacity of the companies doing business in the region that the natural disaster strikes (Altay Ramirez 2010; Alternate supply: disaster in Japan forces manufacturers to look elsewhere 2011; Belzer Swan 2011; Burke 2005). These regions of the world and the suppliers situated there would arguably present high levels of strategic risk for any organisation choosing to design their supply chain landscapes involving these areas. As Stauffer (2003, par. 2) notes, â€Å"terrorist strikes, political instability in Third World countries, and last years shutdown of West Coast shipping docks- have awakened managers as ne ver before to supply chain risks, some of which had been introduced or heightened by the very actions companies had taken to drive costs out of their supply chains†. Natural disasters have the power to harm or destroy infrastructure, interrupt supply chains and ultimately have an effect upon the profitability of the business as a whole, and natural disasters tend to affect all the elements within an existing supply chain (Altay Ramirez 2010). When a natural disaster occurs, â€Å"gaps in supply chain security hamper the safety and security of freight transport†¦this risk increases the deeper in the hinterland it originates† (Belzer Swan 2011, p. 41). The impact of a natural disaster on a global supply chain will differ according to the type of business as well as the type of natural disaster; therefore, different natural disasters may leave certain supply chains unscathed, whereas others will be completed obliterated. For example, in their 2010 study, Altay and R amirez (2010, p. 60) discovered that â€Å"the damage by windstorms and floods seem to be dramatically different from that of an earthquake, providing evidence against the all-hazards approach†. What the literature appears to be telling supply chain managers is that natural disaster do not come in cookie-cutter parcels that can be easily insured against, planned for or avoided; each one is different, and each one will have a different impact on the supply chain network (Holbrook 2011; Ngoctran 2011). For example, Altay and Ramirez (2010, p. 60) demonstrated that the â€Å"impact of floods on total asset turnover of a firm is dependent on the firms position in the supply chain. We found that while upstream partners enjoy a positive impact, downstream partners have to plan for the opposite†. What this means is that the impact of a natural disaster will be specific and not localized to the region it affects. Rather, the disaster will affect all the links in the chain. Thu s, â€Å"a supply chain-wide mitigation strategy rather than a company-specific one† appears to be the most efficient and pragmatic approach to natural disasters for supply chain managers to adopt (Altay and Ramirez 2010, p. 60). There also appears to be an inverse relationship between the complexity of a given global supply chain and the cost that a natural disaster will exact on the network (Altay Ramirez 2010; Gad-el-Hak 2008; Haight 2003). This is less true of political unrest. Political unrest and terrorism differs significantly from a natural disaster in that the latter tends to happen once, whereas the former can easily become chronic. Political unrest and terrorism can drag on for years, and the costs involved in hiring more security personnel, beefing up web security, hiring the IT expertise necessary to combat cyber terrorists, and repairing equipment or work spaces damaged or destroyed by terrorist activities can bleed the company for years at a time. Political un rest that occurs during a change in leadership can also prove expensive for a company operating a complex global supply chain, particularly if the political regimes are corrupt. In addition, unrest of a politicized religious nature can often lead to additional costs to the company if the new regime demands that employees take time out of their work day for religious activities. Terrorism in particular can have a long term impact on the financial stability of the firm, and this varies from industry to industry; however, as a rule, investment and access to capital tend to wane in politically charged environments (Jà ¼ttner Maklan 2011; Sheffi 2001). This occurs for both logical and emotional reasons. In a region dominated by terrorist activity, investors will fear for their investments more so than in a region where there is no terrorism. Terrorism by nature invokes fear, not simply for financial investment for personal safety as well; therefore, a region dominated by terrorism quic kly becomes a no-fly zone for investors, and this can lead to reduced capital for firms. This in turn affects a firm’s ability to grow. As a result, over time regions where terrorism persists will witness an exodus of many firms, as once the problem of terrorism takes root it quickly becomes chronic and difficult to root out. Global supply chain management involves a delicate touch and a holistic framework. Firms that grow to comprehend the â€Å"depth of their supply chains and critical dependencies† are the firms that tend to succeed over the long term (Fisher 2011, par. 12). Cost, while ultimately the main driver of most major business decisions, cannot be the only consideration in global supply chain management. Where natural disasters and political unrest are concerned, there is no such thing as a one size fits all plan that will insulate a supply chain. Each natural disaster is different and will affect the chain differently. A firm that employs a strategic respo nse to each natural disaster such as building in more suppliers and incorporating both geographic and political diversity among their suppliers will be far more likely to weather the storm. Reference List Altay, N, Ramirez, A 2010, ‘Impact of disasters on firms in different sectors: implications for supply chains’, Journal of Supply Chain Management, vol. 45 no. 4, pp. 59-102. ‘Alternate supply: disaster in Japan forces manufacturers to look elsewhere’, 2011, Industrial Engineer, vol. 10, pp. 5-12. Bakshi, N Kleindorfer, P 2009, ‘Co-opetition and investment for supply-chain resilience’, Production and Operations Management, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 583–603. Belzer, M Swan, P 2011, ‘Supply chain security: agency theory and port drayage drivers’, Economic and Labour Relations Review, vol. 22 no. 1, pp. 41-55. Bloom, P Kotler, P 1975, ‘Strategies for high market share companies’, Harvard Business Review, November, p p. 63-72. Burke, R 2005, ‘International terrorism and threats to security: implications for organizations and management’, Disaster Prevention and Management, vol. 14 no. 5, pp. 639-643. Burke, R Cooper, C 2008, International terrorism and threats to security: managerial and organizational challenges, Northampton, Massachusetts, Edward Elgar Publishing. Claessens, S Schmukler, S 2007, ‘International financial integration through equity markets: which firms from which countries go global’, Journal of International Money and Finance, vol. 26, pp. 788-813. Cook, T 2008, Managing global supply chains: compliance, security and dealing with terrorism, Boca Raton, Florida, Taylor Francis. Cook, T 2011, Compliance in today’s global supply chain, Boca Raton, Florida, CRC Press. Cross, C 2007, ‘Studies in survival: future supply chains are growing in a laboratory’, Industrial Engineer, August, pp. 44-49. Edgell, J, Meister, G Stamp, N 2008, â €˜Global sourcing trends in 2008’, Strategic Outsourcing: An International Journal, vol. 1 no. 2, pp. 173-180. Edwards, J 2006, ‘Thinking inside the boxes: global supply chains must now address government logistics mandates, a post-9/11 legacy that is only becoming more complex’, CFO, The Magazine for Senior Financial Executives, vol. 8 no. 1, pp. 81-96. Fisher, D 2011, Japan disaster shakes up supply-chain strategies. Web. Gad-el-Hak, M 2008, Large-scale disasters: prediction, control and mitigation, New York, Cambridge University Press. Giermanski, J McGhee, M 2007, ‘How SOX and C-TPAT: impact global supply chain security’ Strategic Finance, April, pp. 33-43. Glisson, L Jones, K 2009, ‘Homeland security vs. cabotage: issues of terrorism or ploys’, Journal of Transportation Management, vol. 12, pp. 35-45. Griffin, W 2008, ‘The future of integrated supply chain management utilizing performance based logistics’, Defense A R Journal, vol. 15 no. 1, pp. 3-11. Haight, B 2003, ‘The perils of supply chain management: experienced veterans share their techniques and solutions to a more efficient supply chain’, Automotive Industries, August, pp. 24-32. Holbrook, E 2011, ‘A supply chain unlinked’, Risk Management, May, pp. 32-43. Jà ¼ttner, U Maklan, S 2011, ‘Supply chain resilience in the global financial crisis: an empirical study’, Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, vol. 16 no. 4, pp. 246-259. Kelley, E Nagel, T 2007, ‘The impact of globalization on structuring, implementing, and advising on sourcing arrangements. Georgetown Journal of International Law, Spring, pp. 619-632. Lloyd, B 1996, ‘The outlook for globalisation’, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, vol. 17 no. 1, pp. 18-23. Ngoctran, A 2011, ‘The Vietnam case: workers versus the Global supply chain’, Harvard International Review, vol. 33 no. 2, pp. 60-81. Perry, M 2007, ‘Natural disaster management planning; a study of logistics managers responding to the tsunami’, International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, vol. 37 no. 5, pp. 409-433. Porter, M 1985, Competitive advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance, New York, Simon Shuster. Sarathy, R 2006, ‘Security and the global supply chain’, Transportation Journal, vol. 45 no. 4. pp. 28-34. Saxena, R 2010, ‘Define logistics, Industrial Engineer, vol. 11, pp. 24-26. Sheffi, Y 2001, ‘Supply chain management under the threat of international terrorism’, The International Journal of Logistics Management, vol. 12 no. 2, pp. 1-11. Stauffer, D 2003, Supply chain risk: deal with it. Web. Suder, G 2006, Corporate strategies under international terrorism and adversity, Northampton, Massachusetts, Edward Elgar Publishing. Wechsler, J 2011, ‘FDA promotes innovation, access to medicines while moderni zing operations’, Formulary, December, pp. 550-611.

VARK Questionaire Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

VARK Questionaire - Assignment Example Training would include putting concepts into various illustration formats so that the individual could see a pictorial representation of the subject matter. In opposite accord, the aural learner would best be assisted in comprehension by putting training material into the form of a lecture or using CD-ROM technology with auditory discussion of subject matter. This would allow the aural learner to focus more intently on the concept or lecture. For those with read/write as their preferred style, the training should include textbooks, notes and other various hand-outs that describe the learning concepts. This type of learner would benefit from having subject outlines written or certain lecture notes that have been properly paraphrased and put into documentation (Murphy, et al.). The kinesthetic learner prefers a more hands-on approach, a form of experiential learning. This is a learn-by-doing approach which could involve role playing in groups or developing hands-on science projects and experimentation to come up with a concept solution (Pashler, et al., 2009). make up only a marginal percentage of the national population (studyingstyle.com, n.d.). Establishing tactile learning without a multi-modal approach might only satisfy a small portion of the learning classroom based on this research data. Secondly, some learners, like this student with dual learning styles, might benefit from a multi-modal approach that blends visual with read/write aspects. This would likely be a better training method when the learning takes place in a group with a high population of learners trying to comprehend the same training concepts, such as a business organization. Many individuals maintain multi-modal learning talents and this should be recognized to ensure that a program maintains elements for multi-modal learners. This might require the trainer to have a competent background in dual learning approaches, or conducting pre-testing in the large classroom, to

Pre-1924 U.S. Economic History Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Pre-1924 U.S. Economic History - Term Paper Example In 1800, a quarter of the American population was in the labor force. Between 1800 and 1900, the labor force increased at an annual rate of approximately 3 percent. This growth was unprecedented although the civil war slowed it down. The arrival of immigrants in America affected the growth of the nineteenth century labor force. Majority of the immigrants came from East and South Europe. The composition of the work force included more males than females. However, males below the age of fifteen did not work since they needed to attend schools at the time. Those above the age of fifteen were however the largest percentage in the labor force. Females also accounted for a proportion of the labor force although they were not as many. However, their rate of participation kept increasing throughout the century. Majority of these women were single and young, since most of the married ones stayed at home. Slaves also accounted for the overall amount of those in the labor force. At the close of the civil war, slavery was abolished and this is among the reasons why there was a decrease in the overall labor force. Since majority of black women and children had forcefully worked as slaves, when slavery was declared illegal, they ceased to work. The proportion of men however remained the same as most of them continued to work to sustain their families. It was during this time that craft workers in the workshops were replaced by the large industrial working class people. At the end of the 19th century and the start of the Second World War, the labor market entered in a phase of labor homogenization. This meant that the market was divided as either primary or secondary labor market. The primary labor market was disproportionately composed of highly skilled or the well-educated white male. In this category, the employment was secure, the earnings were high, and the edging benefits were generous. The secondary labor market was disproportionately composed of a large number of wome n, racial minorities, Africans, and Hispanics. These people were unskilled and lacked education. They worked in small enterprises that had low investments, employment was insecure, the earnings were low, and edging benefits were insufficient. In the 19th century, most of the American businesses were categorized as a monopoly. As other businesses continued to emerge, others such as the petroleum, sugar, and tobacco industries took control of the labor market. Due to the monopoly, many firms faced competition from their competitors, and this resulted to lowing of prices and passing of the saving along to the consumer in order to increase sales and make profits. During this period, there was pressure from the competitors, and there was a threat of reduced profits that motivated the US companies to reduce prices and maintain high levels of production. During this era, there was a lot of wasted land that needed to be exploited, yet wealth per capita was increasing at a high rate in Europ e, and all available land was used. The neo-classists explained that there was equilibrium growth in terms of accumulated capital. This had put a lot of emphasis on savings as the main source of growth. Walrasian stated that, the net saving by the wealth-holders was shammed to be exactly balanced by net investment in additional production capacity. During the 19th century, industrial revolutions occurred; these included the invention of long distance transport, the steam engine, and the

Quality Improvement Project for Patient Prescription Record

Quality Improvement Project for Patient Prescription Record The aim of this quality improvement project is to ensure that nurses record in the designated box on patients Prescription and administration record (to be referred to as: Kardex) if High Dose Antipsychotics Monitoring is Applicable YES or NO (to be referred as: applicable Y/N) and subsequently if yes, that the High Dose Antipsychotic Therapy monitoring form (to be referred to as: Monitoring form and the Early Warning Signs (EWS) Form have been activated for completion. The purpose of this is to secure patient safety from the side effects of the medication. There is widespread evidence which clearly links antipsychotic medication contributing to physical health problems such as cardiovascular problems, weight gain, endocrine problems, metabolic syndrome and sudden death (Gumber et al, 2010; Churchword et al, 2009; Tyson et al, 1999). Many premature deaths of people with serious mental illness are due to poor medical care that fails to monitor risk factors which may be due to side effects of medication (Cohen Hove, 2001). A council report by the Royal College of Psychiatrists (2006) revealed that past audits of high dose antipsychotic prescribing for in- patients showed poor adherence to monitoring recommendations. All patients on high dose antipsychotic treatment must be monitored. These guidelines attempt to clarify the identification of patients on high dose antipsychotics, factors to be taken into account before such prescribing and the documentation required when antipsychotics are prescribed in high dose; furthermore it is a polic y requirement of Forth Valley that this documentation is completed for these patients (Forth Valley, 2011). The charge nurse highlighted a concern when evaluating the patients Kardex audit, it showed 100% non-compliance for the completion of the Yes/No response for high dose antipsychotics monitoring. Subsequently when the patients are receiving high dose antipsychotics, there was inconsistency of the completion of the Therapy monitoring form and EWS form. A recent audit of patient Kardexes confirmed the charges nurse finding (see Pareto chart, Appendix B). To begin the process of the quality improvement project, a general ward meeting was held and attended by all staff in the ward that was on shift. During the meeting the charge nurse highlighted the recent findings of the Kardex audit. Concerns were raised that many areas on the Kardex were not being completed, and reminded staff nurses that this is not acceptable and needs to be improved. As a nurse it is extremely important to keep accurate documentation, good record keeping is an fundamental part of nursing practice, and is necessary to the delivery of safe and effective care (Nursing and Midwifery Council, (NMC) 2010). As an attempt to focus the quality improvement project more specifically the results of the audit were presented using a Pareto chart (Appendix B). The data confirmed the areas on the Kardex which were not being completed however, high dose antipsychotic monitoring Yes/No was the highest at 100% non-completion, therefore it was agreed that a new strategy would be implemented to improve this. McLaughlin and Kaluzny (2006) state that the defect focused on does not necessarily need to be the greatest frequency to be improved first, but attention should be given to that defect that may have a devastating result, such as an adverse event or even death. However the defect in this instance was the highest and potentially could cause an adverse event. Following the meeting a questionnaire (Appendix C) was devised and completed anonymously by the pharmacists, consultants and staff nurses to identify the root causes of why this area on the Kardex was not completed. A fishbone diagram was used to illustrate the findings (Appendix D). When populating the fishbone diagram with the data, it was clear to see that there were many reasons that each member of the multidisciplinary team had not completed the applicable area on the Kardex. Role confusion was a common theme from each member of the team. Hill-Smith et al (2012) claims that this is not unusual within multi-disciplinary teams and that respectful communication and clear instructions is of high importance in the delivery of high quality clinical care. Therefore based on these findings PDSA one was developed (Appendix G1). This tested whether the nurse attending the MDT meeting completes the Applicable Y/N on the patients’ Kardex following an email reminder and a verbal promp t from charge nurse before attending the meeting. The test confirmed there was a breakdown in communication, the nurse did not receive the email or a verbal reminder from the charge nurse prior to attending the MDT meeting therefore they were not aware of the procedure that had been discussed and as a consequence the applicable area on the form was not completed, this was confirmed by an audit of the Kardex (Appendix H). This informed the decision for PDSA two (Appendix G2). The nurse coordinating the shift should use the visual prompt situated on the shift coordinating sheet to remind the nurse attending the MDT meeting, to update applicable Y/N on the patients Kardex. The small change of a visual reminder on the shift coordinating sheet proved to be success. It reminded the coordinating nurse to verbally prompt the nurse attending the MDT meeting to complete the patient’s Kardex in the applicable area, which was shown by the Kardex audit after the shift; all patientsâ€℠¢ Kardexes were completed and as a consequently the Therapy form and EWS from were also initiated for completion. These findings are consistent with Simpson (2007) research, where teams have clear operating procedures in place, care coordinating is enhanced. The assumption was that the email and verbally prompt from the charge nurse would result in nurses completing the Applicable Y/N on all patients Kardexes, following the MDT meeting by 23rd February 2014 by 100%. Furthermore, if yes the Therapy form and the EWS form activated for completion. Audits were carried out on the dates shown to give a snapshot of the completion of Applicable Y/N on all patients Kardexes in the IPCU ward at that time. Initial findings of the first audit by the charge nurse on 01/02/2014 revealed that Applicable Y/N was completed 0%. The second audit carried out to confirm the previous results on 08/02/2014 which confirmed the charge nurses findings of 0% compliance of Applicable Y/N. PDSA one was carried out on 10/2/2014 the change revealed 0% improvement in the completion of Applicable Y/N. PDSA two was implemented on 21/2/2014 the change was successful, the results of the audit revealed that Applicable Y/N was completed on all patients Kardexes by 100% this in turn activated the completion of the Therapy form and EWS Form. Comparison of questions, predictions, and analysis of data: Engaging with the quality improvement (QI) project has required me to learn and apply new skills in practice. The process of plan, do, study, act (PDSA) cycles were a new technical skill which I had to not only learn myself, but teach fellow staff nurses on the ward, as this was also, a new process to them. I learnt that PDSA cycles provisionally test an idea by testing a change and assessing its impact. After implementing the first cycle, I learnt that it does not always get the results expected when making changes to your process; it taught me that it was better, and more effective to trial a small change to see if it made a difference, before implementing the change permanently. This also gave staff the opportunity to be involved and offer suggestions and see if the proposed changes would work. I also learnt that communication is an essential and fundamental process during the course of the QI. According to Adams (1999), to persuade others to make an improvement or change, the negotiator must be influential. The Charge nurse in this instance was the influential position to lead change. Unfortunately they were not able to fulfil their obligation in PDSA one, but they carried out the ward meeting and used this as a platform to discuss the Kardex audits with the staff which informed them of the need to make an improvement in practice. Once the need for the new process was established and its principles by the email from the charge nurse, informing the reasoning for a change in practice, this was used as a base for PDSA two. I learnt that it is just as important to define the risk of not making a change (Plummer, 2000) and in this circumstance, changing practice would not only enhance quality of care to patients, but it would promote the involvement between staff nurses and the MDT, building trust and confidence to make the change, whereas the risk of not making the change, could potentially cause an adverse event A final learning point I would like to include was how staff nurses initially were resistant to change. In my opinion from observing, the nurses were quite defensive as though they were being blamed for not doing their job correctly. The questionnaire used was an effective communication tool and successful resource for managing this resistance. It give staff the opportunity to anonymously feedback their reasons for not completing the applicable area on the Kardex, it also let them express their opinion without being condemned. Also, I feel that during this time, they were able to adjust and prepare for the change which minimised resistance (Bernhard and Walsh, 1995). I felt it was essential to take note of all their views as individuals and as team members, which provided further explanation of their reasoning for non-completion. Accountability was a consistent reason used by nurses for their reason for non-completion, as they felt it was a doctor or the pharmacist role and they did not want to be accountable for making the decision. When it was clarified that it was a team decision, by email from the charge nurse, the nursing staff felt supported. Mitchell (2001) states that accountability in nursing is a complex issue and acknowledged the importance of team support in the identification of roles and responsibilities. Frequent ideas and conversations with staff were held over the ten days, in advance of the change in PDSA two which I feel made the improvement successful and run smoother as nursing staff were aware of the new change. I have learnt that within nursing it is important to continually improve the way we work. Working at every level developing the knowledge, technical skills, including leadership, are vital for long-term improvement. Continually learning may be important not only to ensure that we have the skills needed to improve the quality of healthcare, but also to enhance the motivation to do so. Discuss the project’s significance on the local system and any findings that may be generalizable to other systems: Relocation to a new site change what been good practice and now a gap had appeared in the process of monitoring patient. The outcome of this project was a success. It was predicted that by 23rd February 2014 applicable Y/N would be completed by 100%. By establishing the success of the visual prompt in PDSA two on the co-ordinating sheet, was a very small but effective change. As a consequence, at the following staff meeting it was decided that the visual prompt would be a permanent fixture on the coordinating sheet, as it was a sustainable reminder to future shift coordinators, thus improving the initiation of therapy monitoring and EWS forms, and overall patient safety outcomes. Discuss the factors that promoted the success of the project and that were barriers to success. What did you learn from doing this project? What are your reflections on the role of the team? The factors which promoted success in the project were support and leadership from the charge nurse at the beginning of my placement. They helped identify areas in the ward which they felt needed improvement. Furthermore, as a student who had never been in a mental health ward, I felt overwhelmed with the task and this support and guidance helped me through the project. The use of the tools were a great way to involve staff on the ward to feel part of the project and broke down the barriers of pointing blame and focussed their attention in a systematic way, and explored the potential causes of the non-completions. I was amazed as how such a small change help facilitate and test change in a manageable way. I now understand that Quality improvement as a way of approaching change in healthcare that focuses on self-reflection, assessing needs and gaps, and considering how to improve in a multifaceted manner. I feel I have gained an enormous understanding in about quality improvement in that it aims to create an ethos of continuous reflection and a commitment to ongoing improvement. It provides nurses to gain an the skills and knowledge needed to assess the performance of healthcare and individual and population needs, to understand the gaps between current activities and best practice and to have the tools and confidence to develop activities to reduce these gaps Thus, the scan did not focus only on narrowly defined quality improvement models such as ‘plan, do, study, act’ (PDSA) cycles.

Arrival of Things from Another Culture in Hurricane hits England and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan :: essays research papers

In ‘hurricane hits England’ (hurricane) by Grace Nichols the arrival of the hurricane challenges the thoughts of the poet, she is initially from the Caribbean but now live in Sussex, until the arrival of the hurricane she has not felt at home in England. This is similar to ‘presents from my Aunts in Pakistan’ (presents) by Moniza Alvi, she also has roots from another country and now lives in England. The arrival of presents from the Pakistan culture challenges her thinking, as does the hurricane to Nichols. The hurricane challenges her thinking by making her realise that it is possible to bring your roots anywhere. She comes to this realisation through the poem and at the end of it comes to the conclusion that ‘the earth is the earth is the earth’. She originally feels torn between her two cultures, it takes the arrival of the hurricane ‘to bring her closer’. Whereas in ‘presents’ it is the arrival of the presents from Pakistan that make her feel torn between cultures. The clothes are a symbol of culture, she feels ‘alien’ and awkward wearing them and much more comfortable in her English ‘denim and corduroy’. Nichols also uses symbolism in her poem, the hurricane is a symbol of her Caribbean culture. They are very irregular in England but a regular occurrence in her childhood in the Caribbean, this makes her feel comfortable and at home. The hurricane is used along with many other natural images, this is mainly because of the effect of the wind on the landscape, for example the 'trees / Falling heavy as whales' is an effective line because the huge trees become like whales when the torrential rain that accompanies a hurricane makes the land become almost like a sea. Another natural image is the ‘frozen lake in me’ which metaphorically is the poet being ‘frozen’ away from her county and now the hurricane has arrived to break the ice, so she can bring her roots anywhere. ‘Presents’ also uses natural images, the poet describes the sari that is sent as ‘apple-green’ and the salwar kameez as ‘peacock blue’ and the other ‘like an orange split open’. This vibrant simile and the repeated reference to colour draws her to the loveliness of the culture and emphasises the contrast to the boring English

Did William Pitt Bring About a National Revival?

Did William Pitt Bring About A National Revival? On one hand, it is easy to believe that Pitt did bring about national revival but on the other hand there are many factors that may lead one to believe otherwise. For example, the end of the American war and the Industrial Revolution both would have happened whether Pitt was in power or not. But many factors, such as Pitt’s natural skill and his reform ideas, helped him to contribute to the national revival. Pitt introduced the Eden Treaty and formed it with France.This helped to increased trade in Britain as, as a country, exports were vastly increased. Pitt also tightened the laws around smuggling items both into and out of Britain which also increased trade. He did this by introducing bonded warehouses, where goods could be stores free of tax until they were taken out of Britain for sale. The Sinking Fund was also introduced by Pitt and helped, again, to increase the amount of money in Britain. He did this by using Britainâ⠂¬â„¢s profits to pay off debts instead of spending money on other goods, but this was interrupted by the war against France.Pitt also made sure that all of the government’s money was collected and spent correctly in the right places. The streamlining of the Treasury’s financial management with the Consolidation Fund Act, where all 103 exchequer accounts were replaced by one, allowed proper national accounting. However, there were many factors that contributed to a national revival that Pitt was not responsible for. Pitt inherited the national deficit which was a huge advantage to him because it meant that the state of Britain and the government could only improve.The end of the war in America meant that overseas trade would increase and this helped Britain’s imports and exports to boom. This was also helped along by the Industrial Revolution, beginning in the North East, which increased trade in and out of Britain. To conclude, in many ways Pitt did contribute greatly to the national revival but he was helped by other factors that were out of his reach. The Sinking Fund helped Pitt along greatly but he was also assisted by the Industrial Revolution and booming trade from other nations.

The Pros and Cons of Parole - 2509 Words

Parole is a highly controversial issue in Australia and around the world. A likely cause for this controversy is the general publicÂ’s ignorance of the specifics where parole is concerned. Any casual observation of a local newspaper or current affairs program on TV will likely result in the discovery of a member of the publicÂ’s opinion of crime and criminals and the criminal justice system in general, and what they believe to be wrong with it and no doubt suggestions on how to fix it. These opinions will probably be biased in nature, and influenced by information supplied to them by various forms of media. This information does not necessarily reflect the reality of the situation regarding the parole system. Adding to this potential for†¦show more content†¦It was designed as a concession to the prisoner which was also expected to benefit the community as a whole, at the same time providing the environmental influences which would discourage the offender from committi ng further offences (Law Reform Commission NSW, 2001). Parole was originally designed in the mid-1800s as an alternative to incarceration when it became apparent that incarceration was unsatisfactorily effective at preventing further criminal behaviour by offenders (Travis, 1995). It was agreed that a system of reform would prove more effective than imprisonment when it came to producing law-abiding citizens. While parole has its origins in America, it underwent revision on Norfolk Island in a British penal colony operated by Alexander Maconochie, now referred to as the “father of parole”. This system, where prisoners were allowed increasing levels of freedom and other benefits in reward for good behaviour and productivity, laid the groundwork for the modern parole system in use today, though there have been modifications made in response to changing political and economic situations, as well as legal challenges. The parole system has had its criticisms in the years since its introduction into the Australian criminal justice system, with some questioning the procedures involved, and others calling for the abolition of parole altogether. Some of these criticisms come in the form of somewhat one-sided, subjectiveShow MoreRelatedPros and Cons of Parole Programs572 Words   |  2 Pagesoff, parole is â€Å"the conditional release of a prisoner, prior to completition of the imposed sentence, under the supervision of a parole officer† (Schmalleger Smykla, 2013). 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Monica Pickles of the Jasper County Parole Office located in Ridgeland, South Carolina. I chose to do this interview of Mrs. Pickles because she has a very unique approach with her parolees that you wouldn’t normally see with some Parole officers. Plus she seemed like a kind hearted person who wouldn’t mind taking some time out of her busy schedule to help a student out. She has truly made it a lot easier to understand what it takes to be a Parole Officer and the challenges that come with itRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Too Than Life Without Parole1274 Words   |  6 Pages there is a better alternative which is life without parole. The death penalty is unnecessary because the high cost of the death penalty, puts innocent lives at risk, capital punishment doesn’t deter crime, the death penalty is crue l and unusual punishment, and Deterrence value of the death penalty. The high cost of the death penalty is the first thing that will be talked about. the death penalty is much more expensive than life without parole because the Constitution requires a long and complexRead MoreCapital Punishment : A Form Of Discipline Essay1729 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"North Carolina Coalition for Alternatives to the Death Penalty† states that the use of executions hasn’t been used since 2006 and in 2012 for the first time no one received the death penalty. When it comes to the death penalty you have pros and cons. A pro would be that the death penalty is the most extreme punishment a criminal should receive for the horrific crime they have committed. The punishment should be based off the crime committed and if the crime was extreme than extreme measures shouldRead MorePros And Cons Of The Death Penalty789 Words   |  4 Pagesand sit on death row anywhere from five to ten years before being executed. Pros of this is the cost of life in prison is much less than execution. However a con of life in prison is that it could potentially be more expensive because they use statistics for someone who spends fifty years in prison. Another pro of life in prison is that it would fill up the prisons and give more federal aid to the prisons and states. A pro of the death penalty is if the prison system is overcrowded, the person hasRead MoreCapital Punishment and Life Without Parole Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesDen Haag in â€Å"for the death p enalty† â€Å"therefore nothing will deter a criminal more than the fear of death†¦ life in prison is less feared (Haag). Furthermore capital punishment is more cost effective than LWOP (life without parole). When a person is sentenced to life without parole they are kept in a prison and it takes money to keep prisons going. The more people in a prison the more money it takes for that prison to run. In 1995 it cost $49 billion dollars to run all of the prisons in all 50 statesRead MoreCriminal Justice Outline1660 Words   |  7 PagesCapstone Project One Nov. 22, 2011 Trial a. Interrogation and Arraignment- Guidelines and Process of Law b. Trial- Judge and Supreme court roles c. Sentencing – 3 types Sentencing a. Determinate- pros and cons b. Indeterminate- pros and cons c. Mandatory- pros and cons d. Specific or general deterrence Determinate sentencing a. Time- Each punishment is set person to person regardless b. Punishment- does not discriminate c. Community- deter people from committing itRead MoreShould the Death Penalty Be Abolished?2750 Words   |  11 Pagesdeath penalty is a major debate that Americans have faced for many years. Who are we though to commit a crime against one who committed the wrongful crime? Doesn’t this make us just as guilty as the criminal? Through this paper we will explore the pros, cons, and whether the death penalty serves to morally normalize society. The death penalty is a major debate in the United States that many feel is wrong, and has been for many years. There are thirty-five states in the United States that stillRead MoreThe Death Penalty Of The United States948 Words   |  4 Pagesimportance of the death penalty. Phil for Humanity points out how expensive it is to house inmates, and that these individuals are extremely dangerous to society (Phil for Humanity). This paper will discuss the pros and the cons of the death penalty in greater detail. There are many pros and cons to the death penalty. Some find it hard to believe that the United States would command a person executed for killing another human being. According to the article The Impact of Information on Death Penalty